abstract：:Retroviral capsid recognition by Trim5 blocks productive infection. Rhesus macaques harbor three functionally distinct Trim5 alleles: Trim5α(Q) , Trim5α(TFP) and Trim5(CypA) . Despite the high degree of amino acid identity between Trim5α(Q) and Trim5α(TFP) alleles, the Q/TFP polymorphism results in the differential re...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： McCarthy KR,Schmidt AG,Kirmaier A,Wyand AL,Newman RM,Johnson WE

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The two-component system (TCS) KdpD/KdpE, extensively studied for its regulatory role in potassium (K(+)) transport, has more recently been identified as an adaptive regulator involved in the virulence and intracellular survival of pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, entero-haemorrhagic Escherichia c...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Freeman ZN,Dorus S,Waterfield NR

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), particularly serotype O157:H7, causes hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and even death. In vitro studies showed that Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2), the primary virulence factor expressed by EDL933 (an O157:H7 strain), is encoded by the 933W prophage. And the bacterial su...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Tyler JS,Beeri K,Reynolds JL,Alteri CJ,Skinner KG,Friedman JH,Eaton KA,Friedman DI

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to switch between yeast and filamentous forms is central to Candida albicans biology. The yeast-hyphal transition is implicated in adherence, tissue invasion, biofilm formation, phagocyte escape, and pathogenesis. A second form of morphological plasticity in C. albicans involves epigenetic switching betwee...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Si H,Hernday AD,Hirakawa MP,Johnson AD,Bennett RJ

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blocking neurotransmission, botulinum neurotoxin is the most poisonous biological substance known to mankind. Despite its infamy as the scourge of the food industry, the neurotoxin is increasingly used as a pharmaceutical to treat an expanding range of muscle disorders. Whilst neurotoxin expression by the spore-formin...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Zhang Z,Korkeala H,Dahlsten E,Sahala E,Heap JT,Minton NP,Lindström M

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolated influenza A virus nucleoprotein exists in an equilibrium between monomers and trimers. Samples containing only monomers or only trimers can be stabilized by respectively low and high salt. The trimers bind RNA with high affinity but remain trimmers, whereas the monomers polymerise onto RNA forming nucleoprote...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Chenavas S,Estrozi LF,Slama-Schwok A,Delmas B,Di Primo C,Baudin F,Li X,Crépin T,Ruigrok RW

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduces HIV-associated morbidities and mortalities but cannot cure the infection. Given the difficulty of eradicating HIV-1, a functional cure for HIV-infected patients appears to be a more reachable short-term goal. We identified 14 HIV patients (post-treatment controllers [P...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Sáez-Cirión A,Bacchus C,Hocqueloux L,Avettand-Fenoel V,Girault I,Lecuroux C,Potard V,Versmisse P,Melard A,Prazuck T,Descours B,Guergnon J,Viard JP,Boufassa F,Lambotte O,Goujard C,Meyer L,Costagliola D,Venet A,Pancin

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful replication and transmission of large DNA viruses such as the cytomegaloviruses (CMV) family of viruses depends on the ability to interfere with multiple aspects of the host immune response. Apoptosis functions as a host innate defence mechanism against viral infection, and the capacity to interfere with th...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Fleming P,Kvansakul M,Voigt V,Kile BT,Kluck RM,Huang DC,Degli-Esposti MA,Andoniou CE

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The actions of the RIG-I like receptor (RLR) and type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathways are essential for a protective innate immune response against the emerging flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV). In mice lacking RLR or IFN signaling pathways, WNV exhibits enhanced tissue tropism, indicating that specific host fac...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Suthar MS,Brassil MM,Blahnik G,McMillan A,Ramos HJ,Proll SC,Belisle SE,Katze MG,Gale M Jr

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In bacteria, transformation and restriction-modification (R-M) systems play potentially antagonistic roles. While the former, proposed as a form of sexuality, relies on internalized foreign DNA to create genetic diversity, the latter degrade foreign DNA to protect from bacteriophage attack. The human pathogen Streptoc...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Johnston C,Martin B,Granadel C,Polard P,Claverys JP

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influenza A virus (IAV) HA protein must be activated by host cells proteases in order to prime the molecule for fusion. Consequently, the availability of activating proteases and the susceptibility of HA to protease activity represents key factors in facilitating virus infection. As such, understanding the intrica...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Galloway SE,Reed ML,Russell CJ,Steinhauer DA

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apicomplexans are obligate intracellular parasites that actively penetrate their host cells to create an intracellular niche for replication. Commitment to invasion is thought to be mediated by the rhoptries, specialized apical secretory organelles that inject a protein complex into the host cell to form a tight-junct...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Beck JR,Fung C,Straub KW,Coppens I,Vashisht AA,Wohlschlegel JA,Bradley PJ

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetherin, an interferon-inducible membrane protein, inhibits the release of nascent enveloped viral particles from the surface of infected cells. However, the mechanisms underlying virion retention have not yet been fully delineated. Here, we employ biochemical assays and engineered tetherin proteins to demonstrate co...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Venkatesh S,Bieniasz PD

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified from the mutualistic grass endophyte Epichloë festucae a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase gene (sidN) encoding a siderophore synthetase. The enzymatic product of SidN is shown to be a novel extracellular siderophore designated as epichloënin A, related to ferrirubin from the ferrichrome family. Targ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Johnson LJ,Koulman A,Christensen M,Lane GA,Fraser K,Forester N,Johnson RD,Bryan GT,Rasmussen S

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of host tissues by Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis requires an unusual family of staphylococcal adhesive proteins that contain long stretches of serine-aspartate dipeptide-repeats (SDR). The prototype member of this family is clumping factor A (ClfA), a key virulence factor that mediates adhesion to...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Hazenbos WL,Kajihara KK,Vandlen R,Morisaki JH,Lehar SM,Kwakkenbos MJ,Beaumont T,Bakker AQ,Phung Q,Swem LR,Ramakrishnan S,Kim J,Xu M,Shah IM,Diep BA,Sai T,Sebrell A,Khalfin Y,Oh A,Koth C,Lin SJ,Lee BC,Strandh M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lentiviruses can infect non-dividing cells, and various cellular transport proteins provide crucial functions for lentiviral nuclear entry and integration. We previously showed that the viral capsid (CA) protein mediated the dependency on cellular nucleoporin (NUP) 153 during HIV-1 infection, and now demonstrate a dir...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Matreyek KA,Yücel SS,Li X,Engelman A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an effort to suppress microbial outgrowth, the host sequesters essential nutrients in a process termed nutritional immunity. However, inflammatory responses to bacterial insult can restore nutritional resources. Given that nutrient availability modulates virulence factor production and biofilm formation by other ba...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Szelestey BR,Heimlich DR,Raffel FK,Justice SS,Mason KM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis protects its hosts from a range of pathogens by limiting their ability to form infections inside the insect. This "pathogen blocking" could be explained by innate immune priming by the symbiont, competition for host-derived resources between pathogens and Wolbachia, or th...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Caragata EP,Rancès E,Hedges LM,Gofton AW,Johnson KN,O'Neill SL,McGraw EA

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ebolavirus (EBOV), the causative agent of a severe hemorrhagic fever and a biosafety level 4 pathogen, increases its genome coding capacity by producing multiple transcripts encoding for structural and nonstructural glycoproteins from a single gene. This is achieved through RNA editing, during which non-template adeno...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Mehedi M,Hoenen T,Robertson S,Ricklefs S,Dolan MA,Taylor T,Falzarano D,Ebihara H,Porcella SF,Feldmann H

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interferons (IFNs) are a group of cytokines with a well-established antiviral function. They can be induced by viral infection, are secreted and bind to specific receptors on the same or neighbouring cells to activate the expression of hundreds of IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) with antiviral function. Type I IFN has bee...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Crotta S,Davidson S,Mahlakoiv T,Desmet CJ,Buckwalter MR,Albert ML,Staeheli P,Wack A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ebolaviruses, highly lethal zoonotic pathogens, possess longer genomes than most other non-segmented negative-strand RNA viruses due in part to long 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) present in the seven viral transcriptional units. To date, specific functions have not been assigned to these UTRs. With reporter as...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Shabman RS,Hoenen T,Groseth A,Jabado O,Binning JM,Amarasinghe GK,Feldmann H,Basler CF

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interplay between autophagy and intracellular pathogens is intricate as autophagy is an essential cellular response to fight against infections, whereas numerous microbes have developed strategies to escape this process or even exploit it to their own benefit. The fine tuned timing and/or selective molecular pathw...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Richetta C,Grégoire IP,Verlhac P,Azocar O,Baguet J,Flacher M,Tangy F,Rabourdin-Combe C,Faure M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human rhinovirus (RV) infections are the principle cause of common colds and precipitate asthma and COPD exacerbations. There is currently no RV vaccine, largely due to the existence of ∼150 strains. We aimed to define highly conserved areas of the RV proteome and test their usefulness as candidate antigens for a broa...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Glanville N,McLean GR,Guy B,Lecouturier V,Berry C,Girerd Y,Gregoire C,Walton RP,Pearson RM,Kebadze T,Burdin N,Bartlett NW,Almond JW,Johnston SL

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodium falciparum malaria kills over 500,000 children every year and has been a scourge of humans for millennia. Owing to the co-evolution of humans and P. falciparum parasites, the human genome is imprinted with polymorphisms that not only confer innate resistance to falciparum malaria, but also cause hemoglobino...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Taylor SM,Cerami C,Fairhurst RM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pili of pathogenic Neisseria are major virulence factors associated with adhesion, twitching motility, auto-aggregation, and DNA transformation. Pili of N. meningitidis are subject to several different post-translational modifications. Among these pilin modifications, the presence of phosphorylcholine (ChoP) and a gly...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Jen FE,Warren MJ,Schulz BL,Power PM,Swords WE,Weiser JN,Apicella MA,Edwards JL,Jennings MP

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Community acquired-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a socially problematic pathogen that infects healthy individuals, causing severe disease. CA-MRSA is more virulent than hospital associated-MRSA (HA-MRSA). The underlying mechanism for the high virulence of CA-MRSA is not known. The transcript...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kaito C,Saito Y,Ikuo M,Omae Y,Mao H,Nagano G,Fujiyuki T,Numata S,Han X,Obata K,Hasegawa S,Yamaguchi H,Inokuchi K,Ito T,Hiramatsu K,Sekimizu K

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus (HSV)--and herpesviruses in general--encode for a multipartite entry/fusion apparatus. In HSV it consists of the HSV-specific glycoprotein D (gD), and three additional glycoproteins, gH/gL and gB, conserved across the Herpesviridae family and responsible for the execution of fusion. According to t...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Gianni T,Salvioli S,Chesnokova LS,Hutt-Fletcher LM,Campadelli-Fiume G

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants are constantly exposed to a large and diverse array of microbes; however, most plants are immune to the majority of potential invaders and susceptible to only a small subset of pathogens. The cytoskeleton comprises a dynamic intracellular framework that responds rapidly to biotic stresses and supports numerous ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Henty-Ridilla JL,Shimono M,Li J,Chang JH,Day B,Staiger CJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Vibrio cholerae type VI secretion system (T6SS) assembles as a molecular syringe that injects toxic protein effectors into both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. We previously reported that the V. cholerae O37 serogroup strain V52 maintains a constitutively active T6SS to kill other Gram-negative bacteria while be...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Miyata ST,Unterweger D,Rudko SP,Pukatzki S

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nervous and immune systems influence each other, allowing animals to rapidly protect themselves from changes in their internal and external environment. However, the complex nature of these systems in mammals makes it difficult to determine how neuronal signaling influences the immune response. Here we show that s...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Anderson A,Laurenson-Schafer H,Partridge FA,Hodgkin J,McMullan R

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA polyadenylation (pA) is one of the major steps in regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. In this report, a genome landscape of pA sites of viral transcripts in B lymphocytes with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection was constructed using a modified PA-seq strategy. We ide...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Majerciak V,Ni T,Yang W,Meng B,Zhu J,Zheng ZM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monepantel is a member of the recently identified class of anthelmintics known as the amino-acetonitrile derivatives (AADs). Monepantel controls all major gastro-intestinal nematodes in sheep including those that are resistant to the classical anthelmintics. Previous studies have shown that the Caenorhabditis elegans ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Rufener L,Bedoni N,Baur R,Rey S,Glauser DA,Bouvier J,Beech R,Sigel E,Puoti A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intracellular pathogenic bacterium Brucella generates a replicative vacuole (rBCV) derived from the endoplasmic reticulum via subversion of the host cell secretory pathway. rBCV biogenesis requires the expression of the Type IV secretion system (T4SS) VirB, which is thought to translocate effector proteins that mo...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Myeni S,Child R,Ng TW,Kupko JJ 3rd,Wehrly TD,Porcella SF,Knodler LA,Celli J

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I interferons (IFN) are important for antiviral responses. Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) and retinoic acid-induced gene I (RIG-I) proteins detect cytosolic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or 5'-triphosphate (5'-ppp) RNA and mediate IFN production. Cytosolic 5'-ppp RNA and dsRNA are generated duri...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Nikonov A,Mölder T,Sikut R,Kiiver K,Männik A,Toots U,Lulla A,Lulla V,Utt A,Merits A,Ustav M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogen access to host nutrients in infected tissues is fundamental for pathogen growth and virulence, disease progression, and infection control. However, our understanding of this crucial process is still rather limited because of experimental and conceptual challenges. Here, we used proteomics, microbial genetics,...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Steeb B,Claudi B,Burton NA,Tienz P,Schmidt A,Farhan H,Mazé A,Bumann D

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute resistance to low dose M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection is not dependent on Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2. However, whether TLR2 contributes to resistance in chronic Mtb infection has remained uncertain. Here we report that, following low dose aerosol infection with Mtb, mice lacking TLR2 (TLR2KO), in comparison wit...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： McBride A,Konowich J,Salgame P

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human defensins are at the forefront of the host responses to HIV and other pathogens in mucosal tissues. However, their ability to inactivate HIV in the bloodstream has been questioned due to the antagonistic effect of serum. In this study, we have examined the effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of human α-defen...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Demirkhanyan L,Marin M,Lu W,Melikyan GB

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunocompromised individuals tend to suffer from influenza longer with more serious complications than otherwise healthy patients. Little is known about the impact of prolonged infection and the efficacy of antiviral therapy in these patients. Among all 189 influenza A virus infected immunocompromised patients admitt...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： van der Vries E,Stittelaar KJ,van Amerongen G,Veldhuis Kroeze EJ,de Waal L,Fraaij PL,Meesters RJ,Luider TM,van der Nagel B,Koch B,Vulto AG,Schutten M,Osterhaus AD

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae has evolved to adeptly transition between the human small intestine and aquatic environments, leading to water-borne spread and transmission of the lethal diarrheal disease cholera. Using a host model that mimics the pathology of human cholera, we applied high density transposon mutagenesis combined wi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kamp HD,Patimalla-Dipali B,Lazinski DW,Wallace-Gadsden F,Camilli A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria vaccine candidate Apical Membrane Antigen-1 (AMA1) induces protection, but only against parasite strains that are closely related to the vaccine. Overcoming the AMA1 diversity problem will require an understanding of the structural basis of cross-strain invasion inhibition. A vaccine containing four diverse al...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Dutta S,Dlugosz LS,Drew DR,Ge X,Ababacar D,Rovira YI,Moch JK,Shi M,Long CA,Foley M,Beeson JG,Anders RF,Miura K,Haynes JD,Batchelor AH

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00